The Role Of Women And Their Effect On The War - 1458 Words

Nevertheless, another important element in The Iliad is the role of women and their effect on the war and their relationship with other characters. Scholar Mary R. Lefkowitz, argues that women had some independence and were under the supervisions of man. The scholar writes: In the Homeric epics women seem to have little independence; they were always under the guardianship of a man, whether a husband, father, or even a son. Wives must live in their husband’s cities; women like Chryseis or Briseis, who have been captured in raids, become slaves and are completely subject to their masters. (Lefkowitz 503). I concur with the writer that women do not have any force and are compelled of by man. As the author noted about Chryseis been captured and becoming into a slave. This is exhibited in The Iliad when Chrysesis father comes to King Agamemnon to recover his little girl back in the wake of being given as a war prize to King Agamemnon. In the wake of bribing the Achenes to give back his girl, King Agamemnon reacts by saying he will not give back his little girl. This is established in Book One as Chyrses, Chryseis father drew nearer King Agamemnon, Yes, Chyrses approached the Achaean’s fast ships to win his daughter back, bringing a priceless ransom†¦Just set my daughter free, my dear one†¦ Here, accept these gifts, this ransom†¦And all the Achaean’s cried out their assent: â€Å"Respect the priest, accept the shining ransom!† But it brought no joy in the heart of Agamemnon. The kingShow MoreRelatedThe Effect of World War I on the Role and Status of Women Essay1933 Words   |  8 PagesThe Effect of World War I on the Role and Status of Women World War 1, In many peoples opinion possibly one of the most influential incidents on the changing role and status of women to this day. In this essay I will attempt to go through all the major issues and make a conclusion on weather I think World War 1 Changed the role and status of women and weather it affects us to this day. Before the war women were treated with much of a stereotypical attitude. The typicalRead MoreWorld War One On The Changing Role Of Women933 Words   |  4 Pagesimpact of World War One on the changing role of women, effects of weaponry and trench warfare and discrimination against German and Turk Australians? World War One was a significant event in Australian society, from 1914-1918.The impact of World War One on the changing role of women, effects of weaponry and trench warfare and discrimination against German and Turk Australians.These different topics all changed Australian society in varied ways. 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With the bulk of the male population overseas much of the propaganda was geared inRead MoreImpact Of The World War On Australians1464 Words   |  6 PagesAlthough both the World Wars had significant impacts on Australians, the statement that wartime controls in World War One had a greater impact on Australians than they did in World War Two is fairly inaccurate. There are a number of reasons as to why this was the case, as demonstrated through the government s wartime controls. One of the wartime controls that was utilised by the government in both World Wars but had greater impact on Australians in Wor ld War Two was conscription. Another wartimeRead MoreWomen in Civil War1004 Words   |  5 PagesWomen, Slaves, and Free Blacks in the Civil War What roles did the Northern women play in the war effort on the Union side during the Civil War? What roles did the Southern women play in the war effort on the Confederate side during the Civil War? 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High-Risk Family Assessment and Health Promotion - 1039 Words

High-risk Family Assessment and Health Promotion NUR 542 University of Phoenix Sandra English High-risk Family Assessment and Health Promotion Homelessness can occur even in the most stable income families. Families that have a one income household can find themselves without employment suddenly from companies that are experiencing economic difficulties which lead to reduction in forces. The United States homeless populations decreased by one percent in 2011. The nation went from 643,067 homeless people to 636,017. The largest decrease was among homeless veterans. The number of homeless veterans declined from 75,609 in 2009 to 67,495 in 2011 (US Bureau of Statistics, 2012). Homeless families have many medical needs that†¦show more content†¦Ensure a safe place for medications and adapt medication regimen. Provide for patient education and screen the children for physical and mental problems. Most especially, the clinical nurse specialist needs to collaborate and coordinate with ancillary care as the family will have ongoing issues. Health teaching must inc lude all the psychosocial aspects of care and certain problems experienced by the family will require advocacy. Nutrition should be the first concern after shelter and the strategies may involve coordination, referrals and advocacy as well as guidance and teaching. Lack of good nutrition and an adequate daily diet is a source of impairment in all areas. The clinical nurse specialist will also act as advocate both for individual homeless families and all families that require solutions to problems brought on by homelessness. Nurse Case Manager and the Homeless Family The homeless family would benefit from the assignment of a case-manager. The case manager may encounter the homeless mother with children on the streets in a situation of extreme instability. The case manager will follow the family and monitor any physical and mental health issues and make sure that the family is having proper care. Conclusion Although homeless families are decreasing slightly in the United States, it is still a high-risk area. A large proportion of these families are made up of single mothers with at least one child. TheShow MoreRelatedHigh Risk Family Assessment Health Promotion1593 Words   |  6 PagesHigh-Risk Family Assessment Health Promotion Drug and Alcohol Abuse Substance abuse can occur with legal drugs like alcohol, tobacco and prescription medications, illegal drugs that are purchased on the street, or prescription drugs used for reasons other than health. Alcohol is the most frequently used legal drug, and cocaine, heroin, and marijuana are the most commonly used illegal drugs. Each drug has precise effects on body systems. 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Of mice and men summaries Free Essays

Two friends, George Milton and Lennie Small, are on their way to a new Job at an agricultural ranch. They are Job hunting in Soledad after being thrown out of Weed when Lennie mistakenly was accused of attempted rape of a female character, although he only likes to pet nice things like mice. During the 1st chapter George and Lennie bicker and argue and play on each other’s emotions. We will write a custom essay sample on Of mice and men summaries or any similar topic only for you Order Now At the brush, as the 2 characters are so different, they bicker over how they get through life together, and how it would be easier if they went their separate ways and how Lennie is holding George back from his dream. 2. George and Lennie finally get to the ranch where they will be working. They meet several people currently working there. They meet the boss, the Janitor, the boss’ son, Curley and his wife, Carlson and Slim (workers on the ranch). Curley takes a disliking to Lennie as he susses him out. Curley also used to be a pro boxer so takes bigger people as always being on the Wrong side’ of him. Although George tries to protect Lennie from ‘spilling the beans’ about Lennie’s mental problems, Lennie is discovered when his memory lets him down and says to George and Candy that he wants a puppy to stroke and look after. . As George and Lennie get to know more and more people on the ranch, constant interruptions of their familiarisation with Candy lead to the slaughter of Candys dog. As their conversation continues they become hypnotised by their dream and conclude that if Candy moves with them their dream could come true in a month’s time. Once again interrupted, Candy irritates Curley as he looks for his wife and Lennie results in a fight. At first Lennie avoids the fight but under George’s instructions Lennie ends Curley with a completely crushed hand. As Curley goes to the doctor, he is blackmailed into defending Lennie and telling he got his hand aught in a machine. 4. It’s Saturday night and everybody goes into town but leaving the weak ones’ behind. With nothing better to do Lennie goes to find the puppies to pet but ends up walking in on Crooks instead. At first Crooks is snide towards Lennie and tries to defend himself, but eventually gives in as Candy enters the room in search of Lennie. As with Lennie, at first Crooks dislikes the idea of inviting him in, but after some though, Candy Joins the scene. The 3 workers sit and talk about George and Lennie’s dream but Crooks disagrees that it’s possible. At this point Curlers wife walks in in request of Curley. She confronts Lennie about Curleys hand and spoils the conversation. To get rid of Curleys wife, Candy says the other workers have returned. This is when George finds out and is angered by the fact that Candy and Lennie told Crooks about their dream. 5. The chapter begins with a description of the barn and the day and then the focus is on Lennie and the ‘newly dead’ puppy. Lennie is upset and angry that he killed the pup and fears he won’t be able to tend the rabbits. As Lennie weeps Curleys wife walks in and begins to flirt with him. As ended up breaking her neck. As she lay in the barn, Lennie ran out of the ranch and id in the brush. The other workers, after Candy and George, discovered her body and also left the ranch to shoot Lennie. At this point Curley was in control of the other workers. 6. The chapter starts with Lennie panicking in the brush, where in chapter 1 he was told to hide if in trouble. A metaphorical description is used to describe future events in the chapter. George enters the scene and calms Lennie down by once again explaining what they plan to do in the future. As the chapter reaches its climax, George shoots Lennie in the back of the head with Carlson’s luger which he stole rom the bunkhouse. Lennie’s death was very much like Candys dogs’ death – life goes on. Thursday Evening Friday Morning Friday night Saturday night Sunday morning George and Lennie make their way to Soledad. They talk about their dream. arrive at the ranch and meet the boss and the other workers. talk about their dream. Lennie gets in a fght with Curley and crushes his hand. All workers except Lennie, Crooks, Curleys wife go into town. The lesser ones get to know each other in Crooks’ shack. Lennie kills Curleys wife by accident. Candy finds her. Sunday George shoots Lennie. How to cite Of mice and men summaries, Papers

Capabilities of Internal and External Adaptation †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Capabilities of Internal and External Adaptation. Answer: Introduction The continuous improvement plan can be defined as the ongoing improvement process relating to commodities or products and services through consistent or breakthrough improvement. The ultimate objective of this process is o strengthen the quality and features of processes or output. For any business undertaking, to have a sustainable existence in the competitive market, the effective functioning of the continuous improvement plan is a must. In the current environment, this aspect of the project is a necessity since it can give the concern a competitive edge in the uncertain business setting Akmeemana Wickramasinghe, 2016). Latino Engineering is a company situated in New South Wales, Australia which offers designing, development and manufacturing services relating to specialist engineering equipment. As per Anantatmula Webb, it had a steady and consistent reputation in the market for the past 30 years. But after it was acquired by an investment group, a number of complaints were raised by its clients which highlighted the poor quality of delivery (Anantatmula Webb, 2016). This scenario is not an uncommon occurrence in an organizational front. There is a need for businesses to continuously enhance their offerings, services, and processes to keep the clients and customers content. A continuous development model has been presented here to identify the root causes of the issue and eliminate the same so that the business can regain its previous reputation in the market (Anthopoulos, Ipsilantis Kazantzi, 2016). The main objective of the essay is to understand the reasons for the various complains about the defective engineering equipment, poor design, and development follow-up with the business clients, long turnaround time for problem resolution, ineffective customer service function, etc. It is necessary to identify the reasons for such problems so that necessary resources can be used to remove these obstacles from the process. The continuous improvement plan has been developed to ensure that such issues and problems do not arise in the future again (Baptista, et al., 2016). Adopted Strategies In the Latino Engineering case study, the adoption of right strategies and tools is necessary to solve the issues that arise in the path of the business activities. In order to enhance the performance of the service, plant, and equipment, the lean six sigma model has been used since it basically focuses on the defects from variations. Since the ultimate objective is to overcome the issues and complaints that have been raised by the customers, this strategic tool would help the project management consultant to uncover the invisible root causes of the potential problems and attack them in order to eradicate the defects. Appendix 1 presents the six sigma model that focuses on the process, customer needs, and analyses data to remove the roadblock from the path of the business (Bialaszewski, 2016). The objective of the continuous improvement plan is to help the business generate higher profits, and reduce the variation. The system-driven approach has been adopted to address the issues of Latino Engineering so that the main issues relating to the manufacturing of the engineering equipment can be identified and the business processes can be strengthened. It would also help the management to base its key decisions on knowledge and data. The project-driven model would focus on the customer needs and requirements so that their needs would be met by the business concern. Continuous Improvement Plan Highlights the six sigma continuous improvement plan for Latino Engineering that would allow the business concern to locate the loopholes in the overall work process. The various functional aspects that would be covered in the model are defining, measuring analyzing, improving, and controlling. The diagrammatic representation highlights the sub-areas of the business that would be evaluated and analyzed to develop an effective improvement model (Douglas, 2016). Since Latino Engineering business is involved in designing, developing and manufacturing of specialist engineering equipment for different industries, the current problems arising in the business scenario could adversely affect its business position in the market. In the competitive times, the issues that the clients have raised could dampen its business reputation and drive it out of the industry. Thus the lean six sigma model has been selected to enhance the overall quality of the business offering. This tool improves the work process and minimizes the wastes arising from the operational activities. Galvan-Cruz, et al said that it primarily identifies the customer value, maps the value stream, creates flow, seeks perfection and strengthens the production process based on market demand (Galvan-Cruz, et al., 2017). Thus this root cause analytical model has been selected as the appropriate tool, to help the concern drastically improve its profitability by upgrading its designing and m onitoring activities and minimizing wastes and resources. The lean six sigma model has been adopted to bring about the continuous improvement plan in Latino Engineering enterprise. The primary reason for selecting this technique is that it encompasses all the areas of business engineering processes including the inventory or resources, movement, work in progress (WIP), over-production, and defects. The holistic approach allows any business entity to effectively evaluate its latent processes so that the defective areas can be located (Gibbins, 2017). The lean six sigma model is fundamentally the combination of two immensely powerful processes namely Lean and Six Sigma. The disciplined approach allows businesses to have a thorough control over the designs and processes. The diagrammatic representation of the continuous improvement process shows various aspects that would be covered in the improvement plan namely the defining of the process, issue, quantifying the problem, identifying the cause of the problem, implementing and verifying the solution and maintaining the ultimate solution. In the very initial improvement stage, the customer complaints would be checked in order to understand the areas that cause dissatisfaction in them like poor design features, the ineffective approach of employees towards clients, etc. Then the key process measures would be developed. This is a critical process where the team would be able to identify the few main factors that have a significant impact on the manufacturing process (Guerra, et al., 2016). A cause and effect model would be created to determine the variance components. Then in order to bring about the improvements, a risk assessment process would be conducted. It would allow bringing about uniformity in the work process. Then ultimately the control step would be to implement for having a better process control over the key variables and resources. Thus as per Joosten, Basten Mellis, the lean six sigma approach could be used to introduce an overall improvement in the business operations and processes of Latino Engineering. It would be a smart attempt to identify the main reasons that cause dissatisfaction among the customers (Joosten, Basten Mellis, 2016). The complaints that have come to the surface do not just relate to the engineering equipment defects but also are connected to the approach adopted by business personnel, inaccurate packaging, and delivery, etc. So this improvement model would allow the management to locate all the root causes of the complaints and find a remedy for the same. Change management - Five Stages The continuous improvement plan using the lean six sigma model would allow the business concern to focus on the consistent improvement throughout the various aspects of the process life. This approach would bring about significant change in the process front and thus the business would have to adopt an effective change management process. The success of change management process is a necessity for all businesses. Latino Engineering is no different so it would also have to adapt to the changing environment so that it could have a sustainable existence in the industry (Joslin Mller, 2016). The change management process mainly incorporates five key processes namely understanding the need for change, communicating this need throughout all the levels of the organization and involving people in the change process, designing the change plans, implementing the new change plans and evaluating the entire progress. These latent processes are crucial since they help concerns to model themselves as per the changing environment and needs of the customers (Kasemsap, 2016). In case of Latino Engineering, the following change management process would have to be followed so that it could improve its business performance and address the complaints of the customers and clients. The basic necessity of chain arises due to the rise in complaints from the customers. The issues that have been highlighted by them are related to the defects in the engineering equipment, bad design and development follow-up with customers, poor resolution approach, bad customer service and wrong packaging and delivery service. The wide variety of issues signals that the concern needs to bring about an urgent and positive change in its overall work operation (Kerzner, 2017). This need has to be effectively communicated throughout the firm so that all employees can welcome the change process and make specific contributions from their end. The changes in the processes have to be modeled to reduce defects in the engineering equipment and reduce wastes in the process. The employees will have to be trained to adjust to the changing process. Then the new model has to be set-up in place so that the transition phase can be as smooth as possible (Lehmann, 2016). Procedural documentation In order to make the continuous improvement plan effective in nature, a procedural documentation needs to be done so that all the areas where change would take place can be highlighted. The continuous improvement of the effectiveness and efficiency of Latino Engineering process can be introduced by following a disciplined process (Morozov Timinsky, 2016). The analysis of the current process is a must since it would allow the project management team to understand the business model. The technical audits and process audit would provide a mechanism to study the operations from the technical and managerial perspective. This result could be used to identify the key areas for improvement. In addition to such audits, the inspection process could also include the suggestions of the employees of Latino Engineering (Nonino, 2017). Their involvement in the process would allow the concern to improve the quality and efficiency of the process from their specific perspective. Then the issues would have to be ascertained. The issues could arise due to the fault or ineffectiveness from various factors such as human resource, inadequate technology, poor inventory quality, etc. The identification of the main issues that lead to the numerous complaints of the customers is crucial. The effective recognition of the problem would allow the firm to develop key strategies to solve the same. Then the solutions would have to be designed based on the issues that are bothering the business concern and its performance in the market (Pajares, et al., 2017). Appendix 3 highlights these areas. The proper development of solution is necessary to address the issue in the best possible manner. Since the issues vary in nature, the business would have to look into its internal processes, staff performance, inventory productivity, etc. In order to have best possible control over the continuous improvement plan, the business would have to maintain a procedural documentation process so that all the areas where changes would take place could be highlighted. This would surely help the business, in the long run, to strengthen its efficiency, productivity and reduce the wastage. Implementation plan for Latino Engineering The implementation process is the key process since this is the phase when the real transition would take place in the process front. Any minute deviation from the plan could have a severe consequence on the business and its operations (Saltz Crowston, 2017). Thus in case of Latino Engineering, for the continuous improvement plan to be effective, the management would have to introduce changes at various levels so that the ultimate defects in the process could be eliminated. Appendix 4 highlights the specifications of the continuous improvement plan of Latino Engineering that would help the concern to remove the defects from its process and strengthen its production and delivery model. The mission of the concern is to enhance its process and strengthen the features of its produced equipment. At the production stage, the business would have to thoroughly assess the inventory and resource performance. The thorough review of the current process would form the foundation of the new implementation model. It would help to identify the areas that need to be changed in order to strengthen the business performance (Saltz, Heckman Shamshurin, 2017). Then the gaps would have to be checked so that the reasons for their existence could be determined. Once this step is carried out, Latino Engineering would have to list and prioritize the causes of the issues so that the remedial measures can be determined by the expert team. Then the real improvement could be brought into the process by introducing revised and better processes and educating the workforce. Ultimately the change would have to be monitored by the team so that the improvements in the process could be seen. The effectiveness of the control plan is vital in this continuous improvement plan because it helps to check the improvements and ensure that it is uniform in nature (Sultana, 2016). Thus Latino Engineerings implementation plan would have a crucial bearing on the business and its specialist engineering equipment. The effectiveness of its plan could be seen if there would be the decline in the complaints from the clients. Since the customers are the main reasons for the existence of any business undertaking, it would have to model its products as per their needs and specifications (Saltz, Heckman Shamshurin, 2017). This aspect along with the improvement plan would help the concern to have a sustainable and profitable business in the market. Conclusion The continuous improvement plan for any business concern has a direct impact on the business and its performance. The Latino Engineering concern initially had a strong reputation in the market but it got deteriorated once it was acquired by an investment group. The regular complaints from the customers highlight the fact that the business failed to continue to deliver high-quality performance in the market due to which defects were found in the equipment and the satisfaction level of the customers dropped. The continuous improvement plan that has been designed in this essay is based on the lean six sigma model. The reason for selecting this model is that it analyses the entire work process to identify the bottlenecks that exist inside it. This approach would surely help Latino Engineering to understand the main causes of the defects in its products and it could also identify the areas that its employees need to work on in order to enrich the satisfaction level of the customers. The thorough step by step process would allow the concern to adapt to the necessary change which could be beneficial for the business undertaking in the long run. The diagrammatical representations that have been shown would help the engineering equipment manufacturer to enhance its internal process and resource management model to produce superior quality equipment for various industries. Since quality management is necessary for all the business concerns irrespective of the industry that they operate in, the firm would have to strengthen its quality of delivery so that it could regain its goodwill in the market and the customers could trust its offerings. The case highlights the fact that all businesses must adopt proper continuous improvemen t plan to strengthen their offerings, processes, and functions. This model would help Latino Engineering to strengthen its position in the industry. References Akmeemana, A.P. and Wickramasinghe, C.N., 2016. Impact of Modern Project Management Methodologies and Software Development Life Cycle Models on Software Quality Assurance Success. Anantatmula, V.S. and Webb, J.B., 2016. Critical chain method in traditional project and portfolio management situations. InProject Management: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications(pp. 1005-1022). IGI Global. Anthopoulos, L.G., Ipsilantis, P. and Kazantzi, V., 2016. The project management perspective for a digital city. InProject Management: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications(pp. 793-811). IGI Global. Baptista, A., Santos, F., Pscoa, J. and Sndig, N., 2016. Project Management Methodologies as Main Tool for Current Challenges in Global Economy Driving Historical Changes.Journal of Advanced Management science,4(2). Bialaszewski, D., 2016. Best-Practice of Reducing Risk through a Culture of Total Quality Management. InProject Management: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications(pp. 1894-1904). IGI Global. Douglas, D., 2016.Applying Agile Project Management Methodologies to Digital Media Projects(Doctoral dissertation, University of Houston-Clear Lake). Galvan-Cruz, S., Mora, M., O'Connor, R., Acosta-Escalante, F. and Alvarez, F., 2017. An objective compliance analysis of project management process in main agile methodologies with the ISO/IEC 29110 entry profile.International Journal of Information Technologies and Systems Approach,10(1), pp.75-106. Gibbins, S., 2017.An evaluation of different project management methodologies that can be applied in IT environments and sectors of retail industry(Doctoral dissertation, Cardiff Metropolitan University). Guerra, S.D.R., Sommer Bilessimo, S.M., Freire, P.D.S., Gruber, V. and da Silva, S.M., 2016. Methodologies Innovation Project Management: A Bibliometric Analysis of Scientific Production Related.Revista Administracao Em Dialogo,18(3), pp.119-138. Joosten, D., Basten, D. and Mellis, W., 2016. Measurement of information system project success in German organizations. InProject Management: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications(pp. 1175-1196). IGI Global. Joslin, R. and Mller, R., 2016. The impact of project methodologies on project success in different project environments.International Journal of Managing Projects in Business,9(2), pp.364-388. Kasemsap, K., 2016. The roles of information technology and knowledge management in project management metrics.Project Management: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications, p.229. Kerzner, H., 2017. Project Management Methodologies.Project Management Case Studies, pp.1-27. Lehmann, O.F., 2016.A Situational Approach to Project Management: Methodologies and Behaviours Based on a Project Typology. The Case in Germany. LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing. Morozov, V.V. and Timinsky, A.G., 2016, August. Strategic gaps in the capabilities of internal and external adaptation of methodologies and information systems of project management. InData Stream Mining Processing (DSMP), IEEE First International Conference on(pp. 405-409). IEEE. Nonino, F., 2017. Project Selection Frameworks and Methodologies for Reducing Risks in Project Portfolio Management. InProject Portfolio Management Strategies for Effective Organizational Operations(pp. 245-263). IGI Global. Pajares, J., Poza, D., Villafaez, F. and Lpez-Paredes, A., 2017. Project Management Methodologies in the Fourth Technological Revolution. InAdvances in Management Engineering(pp. 121-144). Springer International Publishing. Saltz, J. and Crowston, K., 2017, January. Comparing data science project management methodologies via a controlled experiment. InProceedings of the 50th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. Saltz, J., Heckman, R. and Shamshurin, I., 2017. Exploring How Different Project Management Methodologies Impact Data Science Students. Sultana, N., 2016.Project management in SMEs: perspectives on methodologies, challenges, implementation and implications(Master's thesis, University of Malta).

Hobbes, Machiavelli and human nature Essay Example

Hobbes, Machiavelli and human nature Paper Throughout our study of political theory this semester there seems to be a recurring theme prevalent in each of the readings, that being an attempt to explain and characterize human nature. The concept of human nature relies on the idea that there is an innate set of characteristics shared by all humans which explain the way people act, feel, or even think. As a political scientist, its important to question what causes these characteristics to exist, if at all, as they are of great importance when trying to understand the vast political structure and all of the underlying factors which allow politics to function. I would also argue that the understanding of the concept of human nature is also crucial when discussing the realm of human society, as the idea of human nature provides the standard for how people can functionally coexist with one another while also determining whether or not an individual has lead a good life or not. Thomas Hobbes and Machiavelli provide the best accounts of true human nature, as both men suggest that humans, by nature, are corrupt, self-interested, and are destined to destroy themselves and the people around them in an attempt to achieve their own desires, ideas which one can still see practiced in modern day capitalism. We will write a custom essay sample on Hobbes, Machiavelli and human nature specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Hobbes, Machiavelli and human nature specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Hobbes, Machiavelli and human nature specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In his writing of Leviathan, Hobbes describes the individual human as a highly sophisticated machine, in which all of the inner-workings described as mechanical functions (Leviathan, p. 9). Hobbes relation of a human to a machine provides the jumping off point for his belief regarding what drives human actions. Hobbes claims that certain appetites or desires come about in the human experience and that these desires must be dealt with, and that each individual will choose to act upon these appetites in an effort to achieve their own self-preservation (Leviathan, p. 39). This view that it is human nature to act upon the desires which are most prevalent in our lives raises the idea that humans are innately self-interested, if not selfish. Hobbes acknowledges that the natural human inclination to act independently of one another while promoting self-interests results in a perpetual state of war through which men will attempt to conquer one another to achieve personal desires (Leviathan, p. 88-89). The state of war proposed by Hobbes results in a way of life that is solitary, poore, nasty, brutish, and short (Leviathan, p.89). The self-interested behavior that humans innately exhibit according to Hobbes, seems to draw a direct modern day parallel to the actions undertaken by many in Americas current capitalistic economic system, an issue which I will tackle farther along in my paper, but now I will turn to another cynic of human nature, Niccolo Machiavelli. Machiavelli, perhaps even more so than Hobbes, had a very pessimistic view regarding human nature which is quite relevant throughout the numerous chapters of The Prince. For one can say this generally of men: that they are ungrateful, fickle, pretenders and dissemblers, evaders of danger, eager for gain. While you do them good, they are yours, offering you their blood, property, lives, and children when the need for them is far away; but, when it is close to you, they revolt. (The Prince, p. 66) Here Machiavelli provides an obviously destructive criticism of human nature, in that men innately are beings that will turn on one another at the drop of a hat when things arent going the way they wish them to. The statement that men are also eager for gain is also very telling in that Machiavelli believes, similar to the thought process of Hobbes, that it is human nature to act in a self-interested manner, where all that really matters is individual prosperity rather than social well-being. Machiavelli continues his assault on the nature of men when stating, love is held by a chain of obligation, which, because men are wicked, is broken at every opportunity for their own utility (The Prince, p. 66). Machiavelli here makes several ascertations regarding human nature, some similar to the beliefs presented by his first quote. First that the affection and trustworthiness of men is constantly on a tipping scale, in affluent times men can be trusted and are capable of love towards others, whereas when harsh times befall men, then will act to deceive and revert back to their selfish nature in order to gain a leg up in society. In reference to the chain of obligation being broken, Machiavelli is stating that it is human nature for men to break the ties which bind them to certain obligations when they see fit, and the breaking of these bonds shows how untrustworthy human beings truly are. Machiavelli yet again questions the trustworthiness and the self-interests of human nature by stating and if all men were good, this teaching would not be good; but because they are wicked and do not observe faith with you.. (The Prince, p. 69). Machiavelli again postulates that by human nature men are wicked, and in this instance in referring to the fact that men cannot be trusted because they do not share the same desires that the Prince may have. The idea that due to human nature men cannot be trusted again rears its ugly head. Finally I present a fourth and final quote from Machiavelli in regards to his thoughts of human nature: Truly it is a very natural and ordinary thing to desire to acquire, and always, when men do it who can, they will be praised or not blamed; but when they cannot, and wish to do it anyway, here lie the error and the blame. (The Prince, p. 14-15) Machiavelli again takes aim at the innate human desire to acquire wealth and material possessions for himself, but also at those who attempt to obtain such things. Another idea presented here is that one aspect of human nature is to glorify those who can achieve their goals, while at the same time admonishing those who, for some circumstance, werent able to achieve a certain goal. This statement says a lot regarding human nature, in that through achievement of goals one might obtain some sort of power, and it is human nature to admire any form of power regardless of how it can about. Machiavellis opinion of human nature is one that is cynical and at times dreadful, but in referencing his beliefs to the modern day acts of those in America, I dont think he was far off. Works Cited 1. ) Hobbes, Thomas. Leviathan https://reserves. lib. ncsu. edu/reservesViewer. php? reserve=158326 Accessed 2/22/10 2. ) Machiavelli, Niccolo. The Prince. Trans. Harvey C. Mansfield. Chicago, IL: The U of Chicago P, 1998. Print.

My experience to study speech Essays

My experience to study speech Essays My experience to study speech Essay My experience to study speech Essay Essay Topic: 7th Grade 9th Grade Autobiography of My Mother Everybody learns moral values from different experiences of his/her life. Here is an experience, which was a turning point to my life. My speech was a laughable to listeners when I was in my 9th grade year. Learning how to speak in front of a crowd was a most significant moment in my life because I learned basic skills like speaking, facing an audience, and memorizing sentences. My English teacher paved the way for me to be a better speaker. It all started when she told me to speak some words about my achievements in school life in front of a crowd. I felt so nervous, and I said al the achievements the wrong way. When I moved in front of the crowd, my heart beat increased. My hands became sweaty. I felt so cold. I thought to say many good things about my teachers, but I spoke all the wrong things. I did not know what happened to me. My speech became laughable in the class. The teacher understood my problem. She told me about her first experience of speech in her class. In her first speech, she felt so nervous and cried in front of the crowd. It happened in her 7th grade year. Her experience relaxed me, but I was still feeling so depressed. My cheer came to me and sat with me. She taught me about thesis and writing techniques. She gave me a book to learn the basic skills of speech. I bought books to learn basic skills of speech. Every day, I spent some time reading the text books for speech. I watched many speeches on television and the Internet. From the speeches, I gained great knowledge about major issues facing society. One day I watched a speech by A. B. J. Abdul Koalas, the ex-president of India. The speech was about his dreams about a developed India. I felt patriotic when I watched the speech. I was inspired to be able to give a speech like him, so I practiced my speech by speaking in front of a mirror, and with time I became better. Research and practice helped me to speak better. With help from my mother, I studied the basic skills of facing an audience. She taught me some meditation tips to lower fear. I performed my second speech on Independence Day at our students club celebration, but the audience did not give me a positive feedback. When my mother saw me crying in my room, she came in to calm me down. She motivated me by telling a story about the first speech f Mahatma Gandhi, the father of India. He became so nervous when he performed his first speech at the age of 28. When he began to speak, he felt so nervous that he could not say a single word. It was an interesting story. I also experienced similar feelings. I read the autobiography of Mahatma Gandhi, and I learned more about him. I learned how to face audiences from the book. M. K Gandhi was a lawyer, and one incident in the book influenced me was that his first case in the court room. While speaking in front of the crowd, he became so nervous and anxious. All of them gauged and his client scolded him. This incident make him a better speaker and his story gives me courage to face audience. In order to reduce fear, I learned basic skills of meditations like yoga, which is a generic term for the physical, mental, and spiritual practices or disciplines, originated in ancient India with a view to attain a state of permanent peace. Yoga is a Sanskrit word which means union and is interpreted as union with the divine. More meditation gave me more peace and friend. I was not good at remembering things. Once, I met a man who worked with y dad. He has a B. A in psychology. He taught me different techniques of memorization. I studied different ways to remember things. There are many different ways to study long paragraphs, long patterns of words, timeliness, etc. The most interesting way to help memorization is story making. With this method I make a story by connecting words or sentences in essays. I include the most interesting characters in the story, so that way, I cannot forget the story or essay. I learned this technique to learn essays for speeches. The memorizing tips also help me to prepare or exams. First, I learned basic skills of speech from my high school English teacher. Second, I learned how to face an audience without fear. Third I learned how to memorize essays and long speeches. All of these techniques helped me to win in a speech competition. I performed my third speech with a lot of confidence and without fear. When I stood in front of a big crowd, I did not feel any anxiety. The speech titled Torturing to Indian Women in Our Society. I included recent incidents and other major issues in society. I got more knowledge about these things from Abdul Salaams speech. I also mentioned his dreams about India, which was a main point. My speech was an encouraging one to all. I was proud of myself. Everybody appreciated me. I got 500 rupees cash award on that speech. This was the most joyful moment in my life. Self-confidence, hard work, and courage are valuable in life. I learned this lesson from my lifes experience. My speech was a turning point in my life. My experiences to learn speech techniques not only helped me to learn how to speak, but also, I learned moral values to become a perfect man.

Comparing and Contrasting Business Systems in Japan and China Essay

Comparing and Contrasting Business Systems in Japan and China - Essay Example The country’s economy is diverse unlike Japan’s which relies mostly on industries. China depends mostly on agriculture, industries and its cultural heritage (Zheng, 2013). The rate of economic change in China is relatively higher compared to that of Japan. Although Japan has had a significant growth in the late 20th century, China has improved its economic growth in the 21st century in a way that has made it among the best performers in the world. Natural disasters that have hit Japan for the last ten years have left the country at a loss in terms of its economic performance. The country, however, manages to retain a significant rate of economic growth. China has mostly relied on its population and size of the country for much of its improvement in terms of economic development (Blackford 2008, p. 25). China’s economic capabilities can be seen to be way ahead that of Japan. The country has more potential to grow into a super-economy. As mentioned earlier, the mai n challenge facing Japan remains the series of natural disasters that the country has faced. The disasters have left the country in economic turmoil considering the levels it managed to reach in the late 20th century. Japan can be seen to have employed the theory of development of management in a more efficient way than China (Zheng, 2013). This can be attributed to the capitalistic nature of the country. The theory underlines the fundamental guidelines that should be followed in order to have efficient management of businesses. This includes clearly outlining the goals of the business and distancing the business from its owner(s). The extent of owner involvement in the running of businesses in the two countries is... A business system can be defined as a methodical procedure or process used by owners of factors of production as a delivery mechanism for providing goods and services to customers. An efficient business system has the potential of accelerating economic growth in a country while still rewarding owners of the factors of production. On the other hand, a country that adopts inefficient business systems may lug behind in terms of economic growth. This calls for business systems analysts to be involved in the adoption and use of the various business systems in a country. The rate of economic change in China is relatively higher compared to that of Japan. Although Japan has had a significant growth in the late 20th century, China has improved its economic growth in the 21st century in a way that has made it among the best performers in the world. The country, however, manages to retain a significant rate of economic growth after the natural disasters. China has mostly relied on its population and size of the country for much of its improvement in terms of economic development. Japan and China are two of the leading economies in Asia. The countries have both similarities and differences in their business systems. Japan is purely a capitalistic state. China, on the other hand, is both a socialistic and capitalistic state. Although Japan’s capitalistic system has helped it achieve major economic goals, the threat posed by natural disasters still remains a major concern to the country’s economy. China, on the other hand, should adopt a purely capitalistic system in order to realize its full potential in the business sector. This is realistic considering the tremendous levels it has reached with a system that does not work efficiently in the business sector.

Obesity in Kuwait Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Obesity in Kuwait - Research Paper Example Data taken on the temporal changes in BMI and prevalence of obesity are even more so (Al†Asi). Women in Kuwaiti have been exposed to extreme physical as well as social variations in society in the past few years, and there has not been any study of this nature that has been carried out on them (Al†Asi). The main aim of this study is to respectively explore temporal changes in mean prevalence of obesity and BMI between the two independent samples of 1171 and1705 women of Kuwait between the ages of 18 years and older that were studied in1980-1981 and 1993-1994 (Al-Mahroos). 3- In Kuwaiti, white rice is the staple food both in the past and currently. It is believed that people in Kuwait take white rice once or twice in a day mostly for lunch and at times for dinner too (El-Bayoumy). Though there is no data on the average consumption of rice, data on the population consumption of the intake of rice is not available, data suggests that 17%of total energy available is consumed from white rice (El-Bayoumy) 1- There were two independent studies that were used to analyze and compare the temporal changes in the prevalence of obesity and BMI among the women in Kuwaiti BMI (Al-Awadi).The first study was a national study of 1171 women which was completed in 1980-1981 as it dealt mainly with the â€Å"Nutrition Status Assessment of Adults.† The second study to be carried out was a cross-sectional study of 1705 women which was completed in 1993-1994 and it was based on assessing the prevalence of obesity among Kuwaitis (Al-Awadi). The sample carried out between 1980-1981 sample of 1171 women was gotten from 17 randomly selected primary health care from the clinics situated in all of Kuwaiti five regions and sampling was taken randomly in accordance to the Kuwaiti’s population sex ratio (El-Bayoumy). The samples were divided among the clinics and the division was defined proportionally by the size of the area that was reserved by each of

Nursing theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Nursing theory - Essay Example JBI is a research institute located within the University of Adelaide in the region of Southern Australia; it is a non profit research area and is a member based organization (JBI, 2012). The purpose of the organization is to work in collaboration with 70 international entities for the expansion and support of health car system and health care services provided throughout the world. These three organizations are very essential for the development and the progress of the profession of nursing. These facilities provide services of research and development to the profession of nursing and these institutes promote the notion of high quality health care services through their research activities. These organizations have even taken the responsibility of bring technological advancements to the health care systems throughout the world in order to provide effective and efficient means of treatment to patients. All these organizations are very important for the future of the profession of hea lth care and the well being of individuals throughout the

Effects of Training Hours on Cardiovascular System

Effects of Training Hours on Cardiovascular System Imran Osman The effect of the average training hours per week on the cardiovascular fitness of sport participants: Studies such as that by Shannan E. Gormley et al. (2008) and Tabata et al. (1996) clearly show that exercise and regular training have a positive effect on the heart (circulatory system) and the respiratory system and therefore on the cardiovascular fitness of the individual. The aim of this study was to further endorse and determine the effect that training hours have on cardiovascular fitness of sport participants. Both the resting heart rates and VO2 max of sport performers were taken into account when measuring the cardiovascular fitness. Frequent training is of key importance for sport participants. Regular training should increase the aerobic fitness of the performer due to increasing their VO2 max and decreasing their resting heart rate. The hypothesis suggested that an increase in average training hours per week would results in an increase in VO2 max and decrease in heart rate. This is based on the fact that ‘VO2 max is the maximum amount of oxygen that the body can utilise per minute during intense exercise’ (Elizabeth Quinn, 2011) which is said to be an accurate measure of cardiovascular fitness. Resting heart rate is also a determinant of the fitness of sport participants. The resting heart rate of those who exercise and train more frequently should be lower because less effort is needed from the heart to pump blood.(Source?) Found this as a source; can’t find a author though.  http://www.nytimes.com/health/guides/specialtopic/physical-activity/exercises-effects-on-the-heart.html Try to f ind a journal that says it because they prefer you to use peer reviewed sources Fifty sport participants, 25 male and 25 female took part in the study. The experiments included measurements of each participant’s VO2 max, resting heart rate and average training hours per week in their specific sport. In addition to this, alcohol intake and whether or not the participants smoked were recorded, as all of these factors may affect the results. Ethical issues were considered before the tests on these subjects were carried out. For example participants had given informed consent, they understood their role in the experiment, as well as having the choice to withdraw at any time. The subjects had volunteered to take part and were not pressurised to participate. If the participants had an injury or disease they would not be chosen to take part as this may have adversely affect their health during the experiment and have a negative impact on results. VO2 max was measured using the ‘Astrand 6 minute cycle VO2 max test’ which was performed using a cycle ergometer. A heart rate monitor, weighing scales and a stopwatch were also required. Resting heart rate is the number of beats per minute when the performer is at complete rest (Elizabeth Quinn, 2011), and was measured using the heart rate monitor. Many experiments involving the measurement of VO2 max have used the Astrand cycle test such as that by R.E. Cink et al.(1981) and it was said to be successful, also a study by G. Keren et al.(1980) on the Comparison of Various Methods for the Determination of VO2 max came to the conclusion that the Astrand-Rhyming procedure can be a reliable measure for maximal oxygen consumption. Therefore this test was chosen for the investigation. Before each participant carried out the test, the seat height was adjusted appropriately where the knee was almost straight and the pedalling position made to be comfortable for the subject. In advance to the participant took part in a 3 minute warm-up. The initial cycle work rate was set to 125 kilogram-force meter/minute. This setting was chosen as it was appropriate when looking at the age of each participant also this setting should raise the participant’s heart rate to 130-160bpm after 2 minutes cycling at 50rpm before the test starts. The participants would start the test on command and the stopwatch was then started. The performer(s) pedalled at 50rpm for 6 minutes whilst maintaining their heart rate between 120-170 bpm. The heart rate was chosen to be maintained at this range as recommended by G. Keren (1980), who is one of many others who carried out studies using the Astrand technique. He said that the procedure can only be a reliable measure for maximal oxygen consu mption if done properly in the way that Astrand, (1985) carried it out so that heart rate should be kept between 120-170 beats/min. The participant’s heart rate was recorded each minute and after 2 minutes if the participant’s heart rate was not in the target range of 120-170bpm then the work rate wattage was adjusted accordingly. The heart rate rose to a level in the target range and then levelled off, staying relatively constant during the last few minutes of exercise. After 6 minutes the test stopped and the final work rate wattage was recorded. To estimate VO2 max using this protocol, the Astrand-Ryhming nomogram was used, similar to the study by Stephen. F.Siconolfi (1985), where the nomograph technique is carried out where the heart rate (left of nomograph) is plotted and then the workload (right of nomograph), which helps find the VO2 max (middle of nomograph). Once the estimated VO2 max value had been determined the calculation-based formula was used where the estimated VO2 max value was multiplied by the appropriate correction factor (based on age). A treadmill or a stationary bike could have been used to measure the VO2 max and it was important to stay with the same apparatus for each participant to maintain an accurate and fair test. The bicycle ergometer was chosen over the treadmill because it is less expensive, requires less space and is easily transported. It also makes it easier to take heart rate or attach an ECG and requires little training or practice. Furthermore, mechanical efficiency of individuals on stationary bikes varies less than the mechanical efficiency of during running protocols. It is also relatively easy to calculate the external work done on a bike, whereas the work done on a treadmill could be quite variable. Due to variation in mechanical efficiency of a treadmill, bike tests were seen to be better at identifying differences between subjects VO2 max. The mean resting heart rates and mean VO2 max of each participant (male and female) were calculated. As well as the standard deviations of resting heart rate and VO2 max, to see the number of variations that can exist from the average and to determine how numbers varied and how spread out they are. Results: The average resting heart and average VO2 max of each participant as well as the standard deviations: Note; (Do Quantitative comparison; here)-comparing males and females vo2 and resting HR?.. Table of general results: Subject number Gender Average Training Hours per week VO2 Max (ml/kg/min) Resting HR (bpm) 1 Female 20 48 54 2 Female 9 44 59 3 Female 22 32 74 4 Female 18 41 66 5 Female 6 35 69 6 Female 18 36 69 7 Female 16 42 65 8 Female 10 42 67 9 Female 12 47 66 10 Female 8 41 66 11 Female 24 50 61 12 Female 14 31 75 13 Female 20 60 48 14 Female 18 59 48 15 Female 18 41 66 16 Female 20 60 56 17 Female 12 48 64 18 Female 11 41 65 19 Female 10 43 63 20 Female 26 46 61 21 Female 22 67 40 22 Female 16 54 50 23 Female 16 36 69 24 Female 16 56 62 25 Female 12 50 57 26 Male 18 39 68 27 Male 8 43 68 28 Male 12 46 66 29 Male 9 47 62 30 Male 16 46 58 31 Male 16 38 72 32 Male 16 44 58 33 Male 12 40 60 34 Male 20 42 58 35 Male 22 41 68 36 Male 18 44 60 37 Male 16 55 56 38 Male 16 34 69 39 Male 18 44 65 40 Male 14 35 69 41 Male 18 62 43 42 Male 20 45 70 43 Male 9 34 75 44 Male 16 44 54 45 Male 8 38 67 46 Male 8 32 70 47 Male 9 43 63 48 Male 14 43 55 49 Male 18 60 53 50 Male 10 47 62 Imran I don’t think you need the info for every subject, just the averages. Otherwise there’s too much data to read. The results vaguely show that as the number of training hours increase, the cardiovascular fitness for both genders increases. Figure 1 vaguely shows that the VO2 max increases for both genders, and figure 2 vaguely shows that for both genders as the average number of training hours increases the resting heart rate decreases. Figures 1 and 2 show that there was a large variation in results and that the results are not all close to the line of best fit, the data has anomalies, although there is a weak correlation. The variation could be down to factors such as the participants smoking and/ or having high alcohol intake, therefore affecting the VO2 max and resting heart rate. The participants may also have carried out different types of training and training in a way that was specific to their individual sports. Their activities may have been aerobic or anaerobic training and this was not taken into account. The biggest limitation is the fact that the results are varied and not all are similar, there are many outliers, and as discussed this may be due to the differing types of training of the participants and so a future recommendation would be to carry out the experiment with a sample of participants who have preferred sports of which are only anaerobic or only aerobic. Shannan E. Gormley et al. (2008) undertook a similar study to determine the effects of regular aerobic training on VO2 max and resting heart rate, and whether various intensities of aerobic training differentially affected VO2 max as well as resting HR and resting blood pressure. Sixty one healthy young adults took part in the study, they were matched for sex and VO2max and were randomly assigned to a moderate, vigorous near-maximal-intensity, or a non- exercising control group. Intensity during exercise was controlled by having the subjects maintain target HR. Exercise volume was controlled across the three training groups by varying duration and frequency. Fifty-five subjects completed a 6-wk training protocol on a stationary bicycle ergometer and pre and post testing. The researchers concluded that VO2 max had significantly increased in all exercising groups ‘by 7.2, 4.8, and 3.4 ml/kg/min in the near-maximal, the vigorous, and the moderate-intensity groups, respectively’. Therefore showing that Vo2 max increases with intensity of exercise as well as frequency of exercise. Other studies show similar results. Carleton B. Chapman and Robert. S. Frazer (1954) implies that regular exercise training increases cardiovascular function of an individual by increasing their cardiac output and therefore lowering the resting heart rate of the individual. A trial performed by Tabata et al. (1996) showed that after two experiments involving individuals whom are also young sport participants that took part in training programmes, and that after this regular training VO2 max of these individuals increases significantly. In conclusion, the results do not follow the hypothesis in that the data does not clearly show correlations of the effect of average training hours on the resting heart rates and VO2 max of this group of people. This however is only for this specific group of people and may be down to other factors influencing these results such as their alcohol intake, if they smoke or not, and also more importantly, what is involved in their training. One participant may be mainly focusing on agility, whilst another on strength. Furthermore, their particular sporting activity may be aerobic or anaerobic which may have affected the results also. Moreover, this sample size was small also, which means that the results cannot be generalised. References: Elizabeth Quinn. (2011). What Is VO2 Max. [Online] [Accessed 20/02/2014] Available from: http://sportsmedicine.about.com/od/anatomyandphysiology/a/VO2_max.htm. Elizabeth Quinn. (July 26, 2011). Resting Heart Rate. [Online] [Accessed 20/02/2014] Available: http://sportsmedicine.about.com/od/anatomyandphysiology/qt/Resting-Heart-Rate.htm. Tabata et al. (1996). (Department of Physiology and Biomechanics, National Institute of Fitness and Sports, JAPAN) Effects of moderate-intensity endurance and high-intensity intermittent training on anaerobic capacity and  ·VO2max. [Online] [Accessed 20/02/2014] Available from : http://jeffosadec.files.wordpress.com/2011/01/effects-of-moderate-intensity-endurance-and-high-intensity-intermittent-training-on-anaerobic-capacity-and-e280a2vo2max.pdf. Carleton B. Chapman and Robert S. Frazer. (1954). Studies on the Effect of Exercise on Cardiovascular Function: Cardiac Output and Mean Circulation Time. [Online] Last accessed 19/02/2014.Available from: http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/9/1/57.full.pdf+html Shannan E. Gormley et al.(2008) Effect of Intensity of Aerobic Training on VO2max. [Online] [Accessed 20/02/2014] Available from: http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/576846 REFERENCE THE ONES BELOW CORRECTLY.. -STEVEN F. SICONOLFI, CAROL EWING GARBER, THOMAS M. LASATER AND RICHARD A. CARLETON (1985) http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/content/121/3/382.full.pdf+html R.E. Cink, T.R. Thomas. (1981) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1858756/pdf/brjsmed00255-0036.pdf EXERCISES EFFECTS ON THE HEART, New york times http://www.nytimes.com/health/guides/specialtopic/physical-activity/exercises-effects-on-the-heart.html -A comparison of various methods for the determination of VO2max. Keren G, Magazanik A, Epstein Y. (1980). VO2 max ;(use this to replace all throughout essay) Usefull links? http://www.sportsci.org/jour/0101/cf.htmhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2644030 http://www.sfu.ca/~leyland/Kin343%20Files/Bike%20Lab.pdf http://library.crossfit.com/free/pdf/52_06_VO2_Not_Gold_Standard.pdf Links to do with the method/ Amstrad test;†¦ http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/dl/free/0072844221/123981/laba3_3.pdf and http://web.sls.hw.ac.uk/teaching/level3/A33TT3/A33TT3/Practical%202%20Astrand%20Rhyming.prn.pdf http://www.brianmac.co.uk/cycle6min.htm https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MQ2adzoaVdI (This link here will help find studies using the test; )=http://www.vo2konsulten.se/artiklar/dan_andersson_astrand_ryhming.pdf

American History Essays Boston Tea Party -- American America History

Boston Tea Party: A Fight for Freedom Imagine you are a merchant in Boston selling imported goods from England with a high tax on them, when three ships come in with 342 chests of tea without planning to pay the middleman tax. That's how it was for many merchants in Boston. The East India Tea Company went bankrupt due to the dropping rate of tea sales in America because of the increasing rate of smuggling. The government's lack of support, and the newly passed Tea Act, only kindled more resentment towards the British from the colonists. This finally resulted in approximately three groups of fifty men going aboard the three British ships and dumping the tea into the Boston Harbor. The Boston Tea Party was more an act towards self-government and displaying their rights rather a way to gain revenge at England. The West India Tea Company found themselves bankrupt due to the amount of smuggled tea America was buying. People were buying smuggled tea because it was so much cheaper than the tea England was forcing them to buy. The company's plan was to select three major cities in America to get rid of their competition. They would hire other handlers in Philadelphia, Charleston, and New York. By having the tea sold in America, they could avoid the high taxes of England. After they had eliminated their other competitors, they would charge much more for the tea that they were selling (Francis 1). When the colonists heard that the East India Company was selling tea to these cities, almost all of them were furious and wanted England to be aware of it. The patriots worried that they would start liking England because of the better tea prices (Maier 516). Soon tea was shipped to America for distribution to agents of the company, who ... ...me of need, and the passing of the Tea Act only created more resentment and created more resentment towards England. The citizens were feeling that they had no more rights left, and that England was completely taking over their new country so they acted in what has been called the Boston Tea Party. The colonists were outraged by the disrespect they were shown from England. It was only an act towards freedom, not revenge and should be treated as such. Works Cited Tyler, John. "The Boston Tea Party." (Online) Available http://aol/bostonteaparty.html "Boston Tea Party." Microsoft Encarta 96 Encyclopedia. Funk & Wagnall's Corporation, 1996. Maire, Pauline. "Boston Massacre." World Book Encyclopedia. 1982. Francis, Thomas. Liberty. New York: North American Printing Company, 1993. Fleming, Wyatt. "The Revolution." (Online) Avaialble http://usa.revolution/

Wasted years

This Is certainly a period somewhat unique as unlike the ass and ass, Britain did not experience a recession. Therefore It can be argued that the 13 years were not wasted In regards to the economy, as successive Tory governments managed to keep the economy healthy. However, although on the surface the economic situation looked promising, In reality the 13 years of Tory rule were unable to stem Britain's relative economic decline. Chancellors across this period often employ a system of â€Å"stop-go† economics whereby the economy Is inhered with strategically in order to make political gains.This occurred in 1959 when Chancellor Butler gave tax cuts of El 34 million to the middle classes just in time for the election. Although this was politically successful it was not wise, as after the boom came the inevitable bust, leaving the economy weakened. In addition, the Conservatives governments continued the post-war policy of appeasing the trade unions. For instance: when Macmillan was faced with striking railways, he increased their pay by 5% instead of the recommended 3%.This avoided infiltration but was economically unsustainable, as seen by the strikes in the ass and ass. There was a trend of difficult decision being avoided. Operation ROBOT, a plan to restructure industry, was cancelled by Churchill, and industrial stagnation continued. Also notable is Macmillan refusal to cut spending, which in 1958 led to the resignation of Chancellor Theretofore and two other members of the treasury, Birch and Powell. Historians such as Barnett argue these were key missed opportunities which eventually led to the much greater problems of the sass.Overall, the Tory governments of the 13 years between 1951 and 1964 should be considered a waste in regards to economy as despite ensuring short term prosperity, they consistently failed to make tough long term decisions and restructure the economy. In foreign policy, there were also some successes, although they were few In number and as always there were not without their failures. Disconsolation finally became an issue during this time, particularly after Macmillan â€Å"winds of change speech†, which committed Britain to further disconsolation.This was a success, as It appeared Britain was finally realizing Its own significantly reduced role on the world stage and because it was accomplished despite tough opposition from many Conservative backbenchers. However, failures and missed opportunities seem to outweigh this success. â€Å"Delusions of grandeur† were seen throughout, notably when Churchill attempted to organism a three party conference between Brutal, the US, and the USSR, falling to recognize we were not a power on par with the other two. The US and a â€Å"post-Suez hangover† which reduced Britain's role on the world stage.However, most important is the fact that Britain failed to engage in the SEC while there was a chance – Churchill and Eden foolishly threw aw ay our chances of being at the heart of Europe during the â€Å"open door years†, which meant years left in the cold and Joining on poor terms in 1974. It is clear that in the areas of foreign policy, the years were somewhat wasted – through holding delusions of grandeur, pursuing foolish wars, and most importantly, â€Å"missing the bus† on Europe, which could have been a chance of escaping relative economic decline.In domestic affairs, Macmillan in particular can claim some notable success. All the Conservative governments retained and embraced the welfare state left by Tattle's Labor government, but Macmillan was able to extend on their work, building 300,000 new houses per year. In addition, the Conservatives only denominational steel, and Hennessey suggests that this allowed prosperity. Education was also improved, with poorer students being more able to gain grants for university. This was an admirable achievement in social mobility.However, immigration be came an increasingly worrying issue as the period went on. Marry argues that Conservative governments â€Å"locked the courage to speak out against immigration or the will to stop it†. Race riots occurred, such as in Noting Hill in 1958. In addition, the tripartite system of school was criticized as secondary moderns and technical schools were either neglected or sparse. Therefore, although the governments created an affluent society, they were also wasting opportunities in domestic policy.It could also be seen that the Conservatives only continued with leslies such as the welfare state to meet their own ends, rather than any actual ideological commitment. To conclude, it would be overly harsh to suggest that the thirteen years were solely wasted. Affluence increased, disconsolation was accepted, and by the end of the period the importance of the SEC had at least been realized. However, the Conservatives did waste opportunities through continuing with â€Å"stop- go' economi cs, failing to Join the SEC, and excessively appeasing the unions. Therefore, while it is not entirely wasted, it was certainly a time of missed opportunities.

John Updike essays

John Updike essays John Hoyer Updike was born in Shillington, Pennsylvania on March 18, 1942. He was the only child of parents, Wesley Hoyer Updike, and mother, Linda Grove Hoyer. His father was a high school math teacher and his mother was a housewife. In1936, at the age of four John began attending public schools in Shillington. Nine years later, in 1945, on Halloween day he moved with his parents and grandparents to a farm in the town of Plowville, Pennsylvania. Even though John and his family moved to a new town he still attended Shillington public schools. In 1950, at the age of eighteen he graduated from Shillington High School as president and co valedictorian. In the summer of 1950, john began his first real job as a copy boy for the, READING EAGLE, also writing a few lead stories for the paper as well. In the fall of that same year he attended Harvard University, and wrote for the, Harvard Lampoon, a humor magazine. Three years later in 1953, he married Mary E. Pennington on June 26, in Shillington, Pennsylvania. In 1955, his first child was born, Elizabeth, on April 1. Later that year he moved to an apartment in Manhattan and joined The New Yorker, as a staff writer and writes stories for The Talk of the Town sections. Two years later his second child, David was born on January 19. In April that year he left The New Yorker, and moved to Ipswich, MA to concentrate on poetry and fiction. In 1958, his first book published was The Carpentered Hen and Other Tame Creatures, which contained poetry. In 1958 his first novel was published, The Poorhouse Fair. His first book of short stories was published just months after his first novel The Same Door. Then in May of 1959 his third child with Elizabeth, Michael, was born on May 14. In 1960 his fourth and Final child with Elizabeth, was a daughter named, Miranda, whom was born on December 15. He won his first award, the Rosential Fou ...

Bread Mold Lab Report Essays

Bread Mold Lab Report Essays Bread Mold Lab Report Paper Bread Mold Lab Report Paper The purpose of this lab was to test the effect of water on bread mold growth. Hypothesis: hypothesized bread mold would grow faster if the bread was exposed to water. Materials: 1. Bread 2. Plastic cup 3. Water 4. Rubber band 5. Plastic wrap 6. Light 7. Scale 8. Seizers Procedures: Day 1 1. Cut two pieces of bread 1 belly 2. Place the beard in two separate cups 3. Put 1 1 drops of water on one of the pieces of bread 4. Cover cups with plastic wrap 5. Put rubber bands around each cup 6. Place cups on scale to weigh them Day 2 . Observe the mold or any changes to the bread 2. Reweigh bread to see the difference in weight 3. Record your data 4. Dispose of the bread and/or of the mold Data: Both pieces of bread were stale. There was no bread mold on ether pieces of bread. The bread stayed the same size. No change in the color of the bread. Weight of bread before and after a week I Before one week I After one week Dry bread | 5. 5 grams | 5. 5 grams I Moist bread 5. 5 grams 6. 0 grams I Questions: 1 . What does your data show about the effect of your Variable on Rhizomes Roth? The data from my experiment show that 11 drops of water does not help the growth of bread mold. 2. Were you surprised by the results of your experiment? Yes, I was surprised because I thought water would accelerate the growth of bread mold. 3. What part of designing and carrying out an experiment did you find difficult? This was not that hard of an experiment, I did not find one part to be more difficult than the any of the other parts. 4. If you were to do further research into bread mold growth, which of the other variables old you be interested in testing. I would be interested in air as a variable because think it affected my research on water and bread mold. Conclusion: The data does not support my hypothesis on water making bread mold grow faster. I dont think this was a good experiment because we put the bread in an airtight cup by covering the top with plastic wrap and putting a rubber band around it. If this was useable data it would show the 11 drops of water was not near enough water to make bread mold grow any faster.

Budget Requirements Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Budget Requirements - Coursework Example The selected families will be offered free training, education and mentorship programs until they qualify to leave the program. For us to finance all the activities of the organization, we require to have around $100,000. This will enable us to cater for all the services that we will be delivering to our beneficiaries. As indicated in our budget, the available resources will be properly spent. Meaning, all the planned items will be funded as planned. The total number of families will be 50. This is the appropriate number that we will mange to support at this time. Out of these families, each family will be allocated $1,837. This will be enough to cater for all their expenses throughout the year. However, it is from this allocation that we will get the money to provide for all the necessary services and materials that they will be requiring as we enroll them into this program. They will be used for licensing the program, buying the required materials, paying the personnel and catering for any other activity which might be undertaken during the program. For this reason, we will allocate a total of $30,000 for staff salaries. This will be used to remunerate the program coordinator, assistant coordinator, part and full-time instructors who will be directly handling the children. Besides, we will spend $20,000 on training services; $10,000 for technical assistance; $5,000 for acquiring licenses and registering with our national affiliates. At the same time, we will have to spare $10,000 for the development of the program and then use $10,000 to purchase learning materials such as text books. Last, but by no means the least, the remaining $850 will be left for any other expense which might arise, may be because of emergency or such like issues. By doing this, we are assured of a promising career in the NGO

Dome shell structure Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Dome shell structure - Research Paper Example good opportunity to learn more about these historical structures on how their evolvement came about, their practice state in the down of this 21st century. Starting from the Georgia Dome in Atlanta, the Livestock Pavilion in Raleigh, and the Madison Squire Garden in New York all along to the Olympic Stadium in Munich, also from the Pontiac Silver dome found in Michigan Sydney Opera House in Australia plus Haj terminal in Saudi, this unique landmark structures exist. They make us swollen with pride and we are linked by these unique architectural designs (Buckminster Fuller Institute 1). Each structure is a model on its own. Yet the term unique structures cannot be disqualified. Unique structures refer to inventive long span structural systems mainly roofs to the areas to house people. Particularly they incorporate several structures like grids or space frames, cable and strut, geodesic domes, tension membrane and thin shells. Thin shells plus tension membranes, are regarded as form resistant structures, because they oppose loads by desirable quality of their shape. Structures, which oppose load by bending, may be classified by the use of span - depth ratio. Tensile structures are more competent as compared to arches for they do not buckle. Even if efficient in material consumption, they generate greater pull forces at their support (Buckminster Fuller Institute 1). Spain’s Eduardo Torroja is credited for the systematic study of engineering of the shells’ architecture in the 1930s. Felix Cinderella’s work in Mexico ignited this sudden popularity of the shells in the 1950s. His shells were amazing both outwards and for bold engineering. When a 75mm (3 in.) wide shell was regarded daring, Cinderella constructed a hyperbolic parabolic shell with not more than 16 mm (5/8 in.) wideness for the Cosmic Ray Pavilion at the University of Ciudad in Mexico. The following design was that of Esquillan, it is one of the marvelous engineering of the 20th century, whose

1st Great Awakening of the 18th Century Assignment

1st Great Awakening of the 18th Century - Assignment Example They also had a great influence on the government by seeking legislative laws that favored their operations.Their religious views condemned the evils in the society as at this time slavery was at its peak. They threatened to hellfire and brimstone for those who did not repent. They also brought division in the Church of England leading to the emergence of the Methodist church. It also saw the formation of the first African Baptists churches in states such as southern Virginia. It also resulted in a better reflection of God and salvation through Jesus Christ. The great awakening played a vital role in the upcoming religious revolution. Many people developed a greater sense of God and were passionately and emotionally connected to him through salvation. It also led to a greater appreciation of women in the society although they were not allowed to preach as at that time. The leaders such as Whitefield and Jonathan Edwards kept the memoirs and diaries of their preaching as they traverse d across the great Atlantic and American states. The 1st great awakening, therefore, created a more passionate relationship with people and God. It also led to a better understanding of salvation and establishment of the Baptist church. A new seed had been planted in which religion thrived. The future of religion seemed promising, yet polarizing individuals on religious lines. Additionally, the preaching was meant to bring more people to Christ and condemn the evil in the society resulting to fear among the colonizers.

Dead Poets Society Essay Example for Free

Dead Poets Society Essay Dead Poets Society made a huge impact on how I see things now. I secretly branded Mr. Keating, as the Epitome of teaching, every students dream is to find a teacher like Mr. Keating. Eventhough his teaching style is unconventional, you would really learn something. Hes not like your typical teacher who teaches by the book, because for me, Mr. Keating IS the book. All his lectures are inspirational, he teaches things that would not just help you academically, but also emotionally. He reminds me so much about my Highschool history teacher, a very father-like person, very comical, easy to hang with and lastly he encourages us to pursue our dreams, even though our dreams are impossible. Mr. Keating and my highschool teacher made me realize that there are no limits when we talk about achieving what we want and reaching for our goals, the only hindrance would be ourselves, the fear of not succeeding. So that in the end, we would have little regrets or non at all. I think that its one of the many factors that led me to put Dead Poets Society as one of the must-watch movie list for me. At first thinking outside the box was such a cliche for me, but after watching it, I try to apply that idea to everything I do. This story is very suitable for us, teenagers. Who are currently in that state where we are still confused of what we really want for our future. Add up the nerve wrecking peer pressure, love, parents, homeworks, proffessors, organizations and the like, which contributes to our decisions.

Reflective Essay on Reality Shows

Reflective Essay on Reality Shows Reality Shows should be Banned The main essence of reality shows is to put ordinary people in a social confined setting with extraordinary environment and activities with the aim of entertaining audiences with the illusion that what is going on is not scripted nor rehearsed. Most reality shows attempt to convince the audience that the participants of the show are being pushed to their physical, emotional or physiological limits in order to complete a specific task or attain a certain goal of which audience cheer on their favorite participant. With the change in times and technology most reality shows have gone over board and have forgotten the basic concept of reality shows and are now focusing more on entertainment than reality that has lead to increase in sexual exposure, humiliation and immorality. Reality shows have lost their way from original series like survivor to the new mediocre series of two celebrities living in a farm yard for a week. Reality TV has joined the ranks of day time entertainment and has l ost the spark of spontaneous originality from other forms of scripted entertainment. Additionally, the most famous reality shows worldwide are big brother and Idols; these two are examples of scripted and well rehearsed reality shows. In the just concluded episode of idols a judge was dared to sing out of the blue and it so happened just by â€Å"coincidence† that the band started playing a song which the judge joined in emphatically without hesitation. The crowed cheered and applauded for the â€Å"unexpected† performance by the judge. Such reality T.V. shows give viewers and more so children false hope of a â€Å"happily ever after† reality were heroes and heroines live thus insulting the intelligence of the viewers. In the case of big brother viewers are subjected to sex as a form of entertainment. Relationships formed in the big brother house give the participant a better chance of winning the competition and increase his/her ratings thus the audience spends time and money voting for the participant so they can enjoy seeing the participants relationship grow. And due to the full disclosure nature of the show all activities are broadcasted and shown live on our T.V. sets exposing and encouraging our youths, young adults and children to sex, immorality and promiscuous behaviors. Furthermore, the common comic saying â€Å"its funny until someone gets hurt, then its hilarious† comes to life in most reality shows. Producers of reality shows capitalize on the demise and misfortunes of participants. When a contestant falls down or gets hurt in anyway it is taken as a form of entertainment or comedy not knowing the humiliation and psychological trauma they instill in the participant. Examples of such shows are â€Å"show me the funny† â€Å"Real T.V.† and â€Å"Fear factor†. Show me the funny capitalizes on bloopers of home made videos which show family member having accidents such as hitting each other being bitten by a snake or having a ball hit them on their faces. Turning such perilous or even fatal accidents to o form of humor encourages children to view violence and accidents as vivacious events and not the precarious activities they are. Producers also capitalize on the eviction or the inability of a participant to complete a cer tain assignment. The humiliation and reaction of a participant being evicted or accepting defeat is a high point of most reality T.V. which is morally and ethically wrong. The failure of a fellow human being should be frowned upon and not celebrated. The planned scripting and acting that happens in reality T.V. shows insults the viewers intelligence. A good example of this is the most popular TV show on the planet, the WWE wrestling. Such shows give the viewers the misapprehensions that what is going on is ad hoc, spontaneous and impulsive and yet they are not. The physical abuse that is entailed in the WWE wrestling show is unfeasible, ridiculous and impracticable. No human being can with stand such maltreatment and continue to show aggression to his opponent with full body strength. Majority of the audience know that such reality shows are scripted and premeditated but to the young and young at heart, the level of belief and credence they have in reality shows is hazardous to their mental capability to distinguish authentic violence from fictional performances. Such reality shows affect the social interactions of youths. They encourage violence as a form of entertainment and not the atrocious, offensive conduct that it is. Suc h Reality shows have promoted violence in children which has consequently increased gang related bloodshed in America and violent behavior schools. Though most violent reality shows try and warn the audience against performing their impractical physical fetes and aptitude, audiences cannot help but to try out what they see on T.V. and in turn end up hurting themselves and others in the process. Contrarily the banning of reality shows would give us false hope of protecting our children from the bad aspect of â€Å"sex and violence† because it is not only in reality shows that our children are exposed to sex and violence, technology has made it possible for our children to access sexual contents and violent games and videos via the internet. Though banning reality shows would reduce the amount of sexual content they would be exposed to it would only pave way to new forms of sexual and violent entertainment which would conveniently reach our children. Reality TV shows are one but not the most sexually explicit forms of entertainment, so we should not elude our selves that banning reality television would solve the problem, it will only reduce it for a some time, until other forms of explicit entertainment come along. Banning reality TV will be breaking of international laws. It would be an infringement of basic rights, freedom of speech. Every and all human have the right to express themselves in a way they deem fit and so by banning reality TV show we would contravene with their democratic right to convey their grievances and views. With this in mind it would be erroneous to ban the shows since most of the producers know their rights and follow them to the latter, this will convey the violation of these rights and hence it will be impracticable. The viewers too have the absolute right to watch these shows and amuse themselves; banning these shows will create an international outcry from the viewers who derive pleasure from these shows, it will also be in breach of the viewers rights. We should also take heart in the fact that most people will se right through scripted reality shows. We live in an informed world where information is at our finger tips. The shallow scripts and predictability of mediocre reality TV are clichà ©s and with time audiences will distinguish between scripted premeditated and organized reality TV shows and the real thing. At the end of the day if a reality show does not appeal to your everyday life and situation then one should know that the show is scripted. More so with information and technology easy accessibility most viewers get to know the hollowness of reality TV shows and watch them primly for entertainment. This makes the banning of the shows irrelevant and unimportant because to the viewers they are more or less a form of amusement. Finally we need to accept that reality shows have fallen from grace and are not what they used to be. We need to ask ourselves who is to blame, the producers who make the reality TV shows or we the audience who give the producers reason to dramatize reality in a sexually immoral way that that affect the behavior and morals of our young. If the producers made real reality shows that speak to the day to day events of our lives would we watch them with the same interests we watch the current scripted shows? Would we still enjoy the true conflicts triumphs and struggles or are we already hooked to the soap opera type of reality TV that is being broadcasted through out the world/ are we our own worst victims, influencing the increase of sex violence and immorality that is reality TV shows? Or should we shift the blame to those who produce the shows? If we didnt create a market for low quality TV productions would our children be exposed to such appalling entertainment range? The question remains would it help if reality TV was banned? References Murray, S. Ouellete, L. (2008). Reality TV: Remaking Television Culture.(2nd Ed). New York, NYU Press.